FTA
Fault Tree Analysis
FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) is a structured, top-down engineering method used to identify the root causes and combinations of failures that can lead to an undesired system event.
Detailed explanation
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a systematic reliability and safety analysis technique that begins with an undesired event, known as the Top Event, and works backwards to identify all possible combinations of component failures that could cause it. Using logical AND and OR gates, FTA helps engineers visualise failure pathways and determine root causes.
In railway engineering, FTA is widely used during the design, verification, and safety assessment of rolling stock, signalling, traction power, communications, and infrastructure systems. It supports hazard identification, improves system reliability, and demonstrates compliance with railway safety standards.
FTA is often used together with FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis). While FTA identifies why failures occur, FMECA evaluates what happens when failures occur and how critical they are.
Railway applications
mainline, high_speed, metro, light_rail, freight, depot, station
Standards and references
IEC 61025 – Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
EN 50126 – Railway Applications – RAMS
EN 50129 – Railway Applications – Safety-related Electronic Systems for Signalling
IEC 60812 – FMEA/FMECA
ISO 31000 – Risk Management
Reference source
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